Several years ago, in about 2009-10, I read three books on the Rwandan Genocide. I can’t remember what prompted me to engage such a grim topic at the time—perhaps it was watching Hotel Rwanda—but I remember the gloom that settled over my soul for days afterwards.

Towards the end of Romans 1, the apostle Paul shows the horrific consequences of humanity turning away from God and his truth. People embrace a lie based on the distorted desires of the heart. As punishment, God gives them what they want, or as Paul puts it, “hands them over” (vv. 24, 26, 28) to their desires and allows them to reap the fruit of their folly.

Sin is personified by God as a beast crouching at the door, seeking, presumably, to overpower Cain. Just as Adam was tasked with ruling over the beasts of the field, so Cain must rule over sin. In the very next verse it is Cain who rose up against his brother, himself acting with animalistic violence.